Biochemistry Answers

What do glycogen breakdown and synthesis have in common? (select one or more) 

a. both processes require uridine diphosphate glucose 

b. both processes produce pyrophosphate 

c. both processes involve glucose 1-phosphate 

d. both are performed in the cytoplasmic glycogen granules 

e. the same enzyme is used to introduce branches into the chain and to remove the branches 

Which of the following reactions is unique to gluconeogenesis (select one) 

a. lactate-pyruvate 

b. oxaloacetate-phosphoenolpyruvate 

c. phosphoenolpyruvate-2-phosphoglycerate 

d. glucose-6-phosphate-fructose-6-phosphate 

e. phosphoenolpyruvate 

The glyoxalate cycle allows the synthesis of glucose from (1)............ and is an example of gluconeogenesis in (2).................. 

(1) a. citrate b. acetyl-CoA c. fructose-6-phosphate d. succinate e. fumarate 

(2) a. plants, yeast, some microorganisms b.mammals, amphibian c. amphibians, birds 

Which of the following compounds is not a precursor or intermediate in the synthesis of sphingomyelin (select one) 

a. acetyl-CoA 

b. palmitoyl-CoA 

c. Serine 

d. Lysophosphatidate 

e. cytidine diphosphate-choline 

If a chemical is insoluble in water,insoluble in lipid, only soluble in organic solvents, how can the human body absorb it. Many nutritional supplements fit into this category. Thank You.

Compare and contrast saturated fatty acid biosynthesis with polyketide biosynthesis to

explain how two systems are adapted for completely different functions. The former is

involved in primary metabolism and dedicated for synthesis of fatty acids whereas latter is

endowed with the task of creating a diverse range of complex natural products as shown

above.

What is the interface regulations of glycogenolysis and glycogenesis at molecular level

What is the cellular regulation of glycogenolysis

Explain the cellular regular of glycogenolysis and it interface with glycogenesis at molecular level

Which of the following statements about the regulation of lipid metabolism are true?

Choose one or more:

A. Epinephrine stimulates the breakdown of triacylglycerols

B. glucagon stimulates the synthesis of triacylglycerols

C. Three hormones involved in carbohydrate metabolism depend on blood sugar levels and have nothing to do with lipid metabolism

D. insulin stimulates the synthesis of triacylglycerols

E. glucagon stimulates the breakdown of triacylglycerols