Answer to Question #119825 in Evolution for Daphne

Question

how does the adaptation in the hind feet of dog, goat and human affect their movement

Answer 1

Hind limbs of a dog have a greater limb mass than the fore limbs. The hind limbs play an essential role in primary propulsion as they are located relatively proximally compared to fore limbs. Distal cushion of dogs are dynamic during locomotion, alternating between phases of compression and expansion hence reducing the loads experienced by the skeletal system.

Goats have cloven hooves, which spread apart when contacting the ground and adapting to different ground environments during movement. Their hind limbs have a strong muscular skeleton system which enables them to respond to increased work power production, energy absorption and navigation in steep inclines and declines.

Humans have hind limbs that are more proximal than the posterior portion of their feet. Hind limbs are robust, have a larger size and girth than other structures in the feet. The limbs are adapted to transmitting large loads between the proximal and distal aspects of the limb when their feet contact the ground.