Civil and Environmental Engineering Answers

7. In prestressing work, if more than one wire or strand is included in the same duct, why should all wires/strands be stressed at the same time?

5. What are the advantages of assigning the central pier and the abutment as fixed piers?

1. Under what situation shall engineers use jacking at one end only and from both ends in prestressing work?

22. What are the shortcomings of grillage analysis which is commonly used in structural analysis of bridges?

17. In the design of a simply supported skew bridge, which direction of reinforcement should be provided?

15. What are the three major types of reinforcement used in prestressing?

11. In the construction of a two-span bridge (span length = L) by using span-by-span construction, why is a length of about 1.25L bridge segment is constructed in the first phase of construction?

The space between two parallel horizontal plates kept 6 mm apart is filled with 

crude oil of dynamic viscosity 2.5 kg/ms. If the lower plate is stationary and upper plate 

is pulled with a velocity of 1.25 m/s. determine the shear stress on the lower plate.