Answer to Question #188951 in Quantum Mechanics for mohammedobaik

Question

What is meant by the expectation of a dynamical variable, how is it obtained mathematically?

Answer 1

Whenever we are measuring any dynamical variable like position, momentum, energy etc in an identical condition for so many times we need quantum averaging of the results which is know as expectation value of the corresponding dynamical variable.

mathematically expectation value is determined as

<A>= <𝛹|A|𝛹>

A= dynamical variable

𝛹= Normalized wave function