The second-largest potential economic impact is caused by changes in ecosystem function, biodiversity loss, and non-market effects caused by temperature and precipitation variations. Tourism may be harmed as a result of habitat loss and biodiversity loss, as well as changes in temperature, humidity, and malaria risk, and tourism represents the biggest potential economic loss because it accounts for up to 10% of GDP. Significant reductions in river flow are projected in the southern and western catchments, leading in a halving of the area suitable for the country's biomes, with enormous biodiversity losses.
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