Suppose that I have four fair coins with values 1p, 2p, 5p and 10p. Call the 1p coin and the 2p coin “low-value” coins and the other two coins “high-value” coins.
(a) What is the probability that, when I flip the coins, the 1p and the 5p come up heads, and the other two coins come up tails? To answer the question, first define the probability space (S, P).
(b) What is the probability that at least one of the low-value coins comes up tails?
(c) What is the probability that at least three of the coins come up tails?
(d) What is the probability that at least three of the coins come up tails, conditioned on the fact that at least one of the low-value coins comes up tails?
(e) Is the event that at least three of the coins come up tails independent of the event that at least one of the low-value coins comes up tails?
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