Answer to Question #319709 in Computer Networks for sandeep Lhs

Question

 Discuss the IPv6 Datagram with the help of suitable examples.

Answer 1

IPv6 is the replacement for IPv4. It uses 128 bits to create a uniques address. This means that there can be theoretically 2¹²⁸uniques address i.e. 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 and this number will never run out. It consists of eight groups of hexadecimal numbers separated by a colon(:). The IPV4 version used numerical values, so, IPv6 adopted the hexadecimal numbers to avoid any conflict. If any group contains all zeros then the notation can be shortened by using a colon to replace the zeroes.

We may divide IPv6 datagram packet header as three parts. 1) IPv6 datagram packet header 2) Extension Header 3) Upper Layer Protocol Data. IPv6 datagram packet has also extension headers of varying lengths. If extension headers are present in IPv6 datagram packet, a Next Header field in the IPv6 header points the first extension header. Each extension header contains another Next Header field, pointing the next extension header. The last IPv6 datagram packet extension header points the upper layer protocol header (Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP) , or Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6)).